[73] The creative industries represent almost one fifth of all companies in Hamburg. The islands of Neuwerk, Scharhrn, and Nigehrn, 100 kilometres (60mi) away in the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park, are also part of the city of Hamburg.[30]. However, the former importance of Low German is indicated by several songs, such as the famous sea shanty Hamborger Veermaster, written in the 19th century when Low German was used more frequently. American and international English-speaking organisations include The American Club of Hamburg e.V.,[116] the American Women's Club of Hamburg,[117] the English Speaking Union, the German-American Women's Club,[118] and The International Women's Club of Hamburg e.V. This includes, among other things, over 100 music venues, several annual festivals and over 50 event organisers based in Hamburg. While some of the boroughs destroyed were rebuilt as residential districts after the war, others such as Hammerbrook were entirely developed into office, retail and limited residential or industrial districts. About 8,600 died in the largest German epidemic of the late 19th century, and the last major cholera epidemic in a major city of the Western world. The Reeperbahn has been the location for many scenes, including the 1994 Beatles film Backbeat. [17] In 1030, King Mieszko II Lambert of Poland burned down the city. Media businesses employ over 70,000 people. Hamburg is seat of one of the three bishops of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany and seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg. Munich. In addition, FC St. Pauli was a second division football club that came in second place in the 200910 season and qualified to play alongside Hamburger SV in the first division for the first time since the 200102 season. The Hamburg Warriors are part of the Harvestehuder Tennis- und Hockey-Club e.V (HTHC). Hamburg, Germany 2023: Best Places to Visit - Tripadvisor Hagenbeck came up with the idea of large, open-air enclosures that are more animal-appropriate while also allowing visitors a more exciting experience. 'Schreiben der Geheimen Staatspolizei Staatspolizeileitstelle Hamburg an den Oberfinanzprsidenten, Vermgensverwaltungsstelle vom 1. [123] The city has a relatively high employment rate, at 88 percent of the working-age population, employed in over 160,000 businesses. To this day, Hamburgs official full title remains The Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, a nod to the citys storied past. In 2020, Hamburg Ministry for Environment and Energy announced a partnership with Namibia, which is a potential supplier of woody biomass from encroacher bush as replacement of coal.[154]. The most recent success for the team was the EHF Champions League win in 2013. Etymology The name Hamburg comes from the first permanent building on the site, a castle which the Emperor Charlemagne ordered constructed in AD 808. The influences of these and other bands from the area helped establish the subgenre of power metal. 850[112] within the Grand Lodge of British Freemasons of Germany[113] under the United Grand Lodges of Germany[114] works in Hamburg, and has a diverse expat membership. Hamburg is famous for its huge and vibrant port, a living symbol of the city's maritime history. [44] Immigrants come from 200 countries. The system had approximately 191,148 students in 221 primary schools and 188 secondary schools in 2016. [145], Public transport by rail, bus, and ship is organised by the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund ("Hamburg transit authority") (HVV). It destroyed three churches, the town hall, and many other buildings, killing 51 people and leaving an estimated 20,000 homeless. Hamburg experienced several great fires in the medieval period. [62], Bergedorf consists of the quarters Allermhe, Altengamme, Bergedorfthe centre of the former independent town, Billwerder, Curslack, Kirchwerder, Lohbrgge, Moorfleet, Neuengamme, Neuallermhe, Ochsenwerder, Reitbrook, Spadenland, and Tatenberg.[62]. Tickets sold by one company are valid on all other HVV companies' services. [55] From 2001 until 2010, the mayor of Hamburg was Ole von Beust,[56] who governed in Germany's first statewide "black-green" coalition, consisting of the conservative CDU Hamburg and the alternative GAL, which are Hamburg's regional wing of the Alliance 90/The Greens party. One of the most famous foods from Hamburg is Fishbroctchen. Many musicians who were counted as part of the "Hamburg scene[de]" met here. Hamburger Abendblatt and Hamburger Morgenpost are daily regional newspapers with a large circulation. [87] The annual biker's service in Saint Michael's Church attracts tens of thousands of bikers. Media, commercial, logistical, and industrial firms with significant locations in the city include multinationals Airbus, Blohm + Voss, Aurubis, Beiersdorf, Lufthansa and Unilever. THE 15 BEST Things to Do in Hamburg - Tripadvisor Jonathan is an Israeli-born writer who has been traveling the world solo for the past four years. 10 Related Question Answers Found. A typical Hamburg visit includes a tour of the city hall and the grand church St. Michaelis (calle "Michel"), and visiting the old warehouse district (Speicherstadt) and the harbour promenade (Landungsbrcken). Hamburg became a member of the North German Confederation (18661871) and of the German Empire (18711918), and maintained its self-ruling status during the Weimar Republic (19191933). The city centre is around the Binnenalster ("Inner Alster") and Auenalster ("Outer Alster"), both formed by damming the River Alster to create lakes. [32] Nearby wetlands enjoy a maritime temperate climate. 17 March 2017 View Hamburg may be only the second biggest city in Germany but in many ways the Hansestadt is second to none. Hamburg has an oceanic climate (Kppen: Cfb), influenced by its proximity to the coast and maritime influences that originate over the Atlantic Ocean. Generations upon generations of living and working as craftspeople, sailors, and traders have done a lot to the local culture. As you can see, Hamburg is a city of incredible diversity, rich history, and so much worth exploring! Hamburg is also a major European science, research, and education hub, with several universities and institutions. Dezember 2018, "Kartenseite: Muslime in den Landkreisen beim Zensus 2011", "Gesetz ber die rumliche Gliederung der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg (RumGiG)", "Clubstudie 2021: Initiative Musik legt Einzelauswertungen der Bundeslnder vor", "Clubstudie 2021: Einzelauswertungen der Bundeslnder", "2. Two years later, Hamburg was united with Bremen as the Bishopric of Hamburg-Bremen. Known locally as the Gateway to Germany, Hamburg is the 2 nd biggest city by population and there's a lot here to keep both locals and tourists entertained. The skyline features the tall spires of the most important churches (Hauptkirchen) St Michael's (nicknamed "Michel"), St Peter's, St James's (St. Jacobi), and St. Catherine's covered with copper plates, and the Heinrich-Hertz-Turm, the radio and television tower (no longer publicly accessible). This means that not only is the view prettier than ever, but theres also plenty to do in this quarter of Hamburg! The Beatles are by definition a cross-cultural phenomenon. On some routes regional trains of Germany's major railway company Deutsche Bahn AG and the regional metronom trains may be used with an HVV ticket. [142][143] There is also the smaller Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport, used only as a company airport for Airbus. [82], Hamburg has a vibrant psychedelic trance community, with record labels such as Spirit Zone.[83]. The singer Annett Louisan lives in Hamburg. Hamburger - Wikipedia Traditional Hamburg Food - hamburg.com [109], There are several English-speaking communities, such as the Caledonian Society of Hamburg, The British Club Hamburg, British and Commonwealth Luncheon Club, Anglo-German Club e.V.,[110] Professional Women's Forum,[111] The British Decorative and Fine Arts Society, The English Speaking Union of the Commonwealth, The Scottish Country Dancers of Hamburg, The Hamburg Players e.V. Guide to Reeperbahn Nightlife: Best Bars, Clubs, and Festivals - TripSavvy Hamburg, the largest city in Germany after the capital of Berlin, lies at the head of the long funnel-shaped estuary of the River Elbe. Former German chancellors Helmut Schmidt and Angela Merkel were both born in Hamburg. Later, the Hamburg Towers became the city's prime team. It is also the most populous city in Germany after Berlin and has one of the largest and busiest ports in Europe. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, heavy snowfall sometimes occurred,[33] the winters of recent years have been less cold, with snowfall just a few days per year. The Great Fire of 1842. If you're into sampling fresh produce, travel south to the 'Old Land' (Altes Land), Europe's largest orchard. The HSV was the oldest team of the Bundesliga, playing in the league since its beginning in 1963, until a change of results saw them relegated from the Bundesliga in 2018. 12 Things You Didn't Know About Hamburg - Culture Trip [103], Alsterwasser (in reference to the city's river, the Alster) is the local name for a type of shandy, a concoction of equal parts of beer and carbonated lemonade (Zitronenlimonade), the lemonade being added to the beer.[104]. In addition, Hamburg has a considerable alternative and punk scene, which gathers around the Rote Flora, a squatted former theatre located in the Sternschanze. Hamburg is known for its countless bridges and canals, the infamous red light district, and the enduring legacy of its naval trade. Meanwhile, Hamburg's partner city Kiel voted in favour of hosting the event, with almost 66 percent of all participants supporting the bid. [59] The quarters have no governing bodies of their own. RT @AbbyChavaStein: O M G!!! [134] The largest group from outside Europe comes from the United States (206,614 overnight stays). [119] The International School of Hamburg serves school children. Sign. Airbus, which operates the Hamburg-Finkenwerder assembly plant in Finkenwerder, employs over 13,000people.[130]. This came as a shock to me, and in perfect timing while in Hamburg: Turns out that Glckel of Hameln (1646 - 1724) - the only known pre modern Yiddish woman memoirist - is my 15th great-aunt? Hamburg offers plenty of architectural wonders, but none stick out as much as its bridges. There are regional radio stations such as Radio Hamburg. Fish and shrimp are two of the most common ingredients used in Hamburg dishes. [153] This move was the result of negotiations between parliamentary parties and representatives of the popular petition Tschuess Kohle ("Goodbye Coal"). ! Hamburg Dom. Claudius Ptolemy (2nd century AD) reported the first name for the vicinity as Treva. [47] All of these are now moribund due to the influences of Standard German used by education and media. The second airport is located in Hamburg-Finkenwerder, officially named Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport (IATA: XFW, ICAO: EDHI). Thats quite a list to call your own, isnt it? The Towers promoted to Germany's top division in 2019. The first bishop, Ansgar, became known as the Apostle of the North. There is an area in Hamburg behind the central station where many Afghan restaurants and shops are located there. [160] The FC St. Pauli team dominates women's rugby in Germany. Hamburg hosts many top teams such as Uhlenhorster Hockey Club, Harvesterhuder Hockey Club, and Club An Der Alster. The American hamburger may have developed from Hamburg's Frikadeller: a pan-fried patty (usually larger and thicker than its American counterpart) made from a mixture of ground beef, soaked stale bread, egg, chopped onion, salt, and pepper, usually served with potatoes and vegetables like any other piece of meat, not usually on a bun. As a port city, the Hamburg diet is gloriously rich in fresh fish and seafood, but there is plenty of variety beyond that. 10 Best Things to Do in Hamburg - What is Hamburg Most Famous For? - Go The Hamburg Freezers represented Hamburg until 2016 in the DEL, the premier ice hockey league in Germany. Luxury Lovers Each borough is governed by a Borough Council (German: Bezirksversammlung) and administered by a Municipal Administrator (German: Bezirksamtsleiter). Why is Hamburg so well known? It harbors the city's seedy (but largely safe) underbelly and is a must-visit in Hamburg. It started on Hamburg's oldest street, Deichstrae, and there are rumors that it was purposely set in order to rebuild and expand Hamburg. As Hamburg is one of the world's largest harbours, many visitors take one of the harbour and/or canal boat tours (Groe Hafenrundfahrt, Fleetfahrt) which start from the Landungsbrcken. The population density was 2,464/km2 (6,380/sqmi). It rose on rocky terrain in a marsh between the River Alster and the River Elbe as a defence against Slavic incursion, and acquired the name Hammaburg, burg meaning castle or fort. The official name reflects Hamburg's history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League and a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire. The AKN railway connects satellite towns in Schleswig-Holstein to the city. The former city-state is built up on around the River Elbe, and as well as being a progressive and modern German city, it's known for being just well, cool. In 2015, there were 19,768 births in Hamburg (of which 38.3% were to unmarried women); 6422 marriages and 3190 divorces, and 17,565 deaths. The raids, codenamed Operation Gomorrah by the RAF, killed at least 42,600 civilians; the precise number is not known. [50] About three years later (May 2011) calculations based on census data for 21 countries of origin resulted in a figure of about 143,200 Muslim migrants in Hamburg, making up 8.4% percent of the population. [165], Volksparkstadion was used as a site for the 2006 World Cup. This also includes a predilection for open-faced sandwiches of all sorts, especially topped with cold-smoked or pickled fish. What Is Hamburg Known For? ct intro final View All Trips Did you know - Culture Trip now does bookable, small-group trips? Hamburg has for centuries been a commercial centre of Northern Europe, and is the most important banking city of Northern Germany. Thousands of people perished in these densely populated working class boroughs. The name may also reflect to the roll's croissant-like appearance franz appears to be a shortening of franzsisch, meaning "French", which would make a Franzbrtchen a "French roll". In Hamburg it's hard to find a native Hamburger. It would be hard to claim that most world cities, even major ones like Paris or London, are really famous for their zoos. When it became a leading member of the Hanseatic trade league, the citys influence only grew, and it engaged in trade by sea with most of the known world. [41] The metropolitan area of the Hamburg region (Hamburg Metropolitan Region) is home to 5,107,429 living on 196/km2 (510/sqmi). The Hagenbeck Zoo in Hamburg is still operated by Carl Hagenbecks descendants today and remains one of the citys most popular sights. The average household size was 1.8.[46]. Famous people from Hamburg span the arts, sciences, politics, and more, and have included Johannes Brahms, Felix Mendelssohn, Gustav Ludwig Hertz (yes, that Hertz), as well as former German chancellors Helmut Schmidt and Angela Merkel. The meeting point of the Hamburg School was long considered to be the Golden Pudel Club[de] in Altona's old town, near the Fischmarkt. Vattenfall Europe used to operate the Brunsbttel Nuclear Power Plant and Krmmel Nuclear Power Plant, both taken out of service as part of the nuclear power phase-out. [20] This charter, along with Hamburg's proximity to the main trade routes of the North Sea and Baltic Sea, quickly made it a major port in Northern Europe. Helloween, Gamma Ray, Running Wild, and Grave Digger started in Hamburg. St. Pauli, and especially its Reeperbahn street, has traditionally been the center of Hamburgs nightlife scene. Among its most famous dishes are Labskaus, Amerikaner, and Fischbrtchen - all staples of German cuisine that can be found throughout the city's streets! A memorial for successful English engineer William Lindley,[121] who, beginning in 1842, reorganised the drinking water and sewerage system and thus helped to fight against cholera, is near Baumwall railway station in Vorsetzen street. 31/1 A, here after: Ortwin Pelc, Kriegsende in Hamburg, Hamburg 2005. If youve ever seen a picture of Hamburg on a postcard, chances are it was probably depicting a Speicherstadt cityscape. Ilze Ievia 1 March 2017 View When thinking of traditional German food, most of us picture sausages and schnitzels, sauerkraut and pretzels, accompanied by giant kegs of beer. In my opinion, Hamburg is definitely worth visiting. A true port town located in northern Germany, Hamburg may be one of the more underrated German cities. Hamburg has several large museums and galleries showing classical and contemporary art, for example the Kunsthalle Hamburg with its contemporary art gallery (Galerie der Gegenwart), the Museum fr Kunst und Gewerbe (Museum of Art and Design), and the Deichtorhallen (with the House of Photography and Hall of Contemporary Art). William Wordsworth, Dorothy Wordsworth, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge spent the last two weeks of September 1798 at Hamburg. YES! [36], View climate chart 1986-2016 or 1960-1990, On 31 December 2016, there were 1,860,759 people registered as living in Hamburg in an area of 755.3km2 (291.6sqmi). GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 59,600 or 197% of the EU27 average in the same year. An important meeting place for Hamburg musicians from the 1970s to the mid-80s was the jazz pub Onkel P, which was originally founded in the Pseldorf neighbourhood and later moved to Eppendorf. [107], During the 2017 G20 summit, which took place in Hamburg from 78 July that year, protestors clashed violently with the police in the Sternschanze area and particularly around the Rote Flora. [21] [17], Hamburg was destroyed and occupied several times. This page was last edited on 29 June 2023, at 16:17. The Hamburg Stock Exchange is the oldest of its kind in Germany. Seven universities are private, like the Bucerius Law School, the Khne Logistics University, and the HSBA Hamburg School of Business Administration. [95] Hamburg's festivals include the Elbjazz Festival, which takes place 2 days a year (usually on the Whitsun weekend) in Hamburg's harbour and HafenCity. In addition to Udo Lindenberg, these included Otto Waalkes, Hans Scheibner and groups such as Torfrock and Frumpy. The interests of Hamburg musicians* are represented, for example, by RockCity Hamburg e.V.. Hamburg was one of the locations for the James Bond series film Tomorrow Never Dies. What is Hamburg best known for? - Times of India Well-known artists of this scene include the DJ duo Moonbootica, Mladen Solomun, and Helena Hauff.[80]. Of course, no single list could do the entirety of such a huge city justice, which is why I now turn to you, dear reader. What is Hamburg famous for to you that I did not mention? Well, next to my list of what to do in Hamburg, of course. During the Second World War, the Allied bombing of Hamburg devastated much of the city and the harbour. The singer and actor Hans Albers is strongly associated with St. Pauli, and wrote the neighbourhood's unofficial anthem, "Auf der Reeperbahn Nachts um Halb Eins" ("On the Reeperbahn at Half Past Midnight"), in the 1940s. Its proximity to the harbor prevented Speicherstadt from being built on a simple grid; instead, a complex network of canals cuts up the quarter into many sections. And Hamburgers have quite the rich legacy! Smoke no longer fills the air in Speicherstadt, and all the old factory buildings have been converted, either for residential use or as museums and cultural centers. [157] Hamburg Sea Devils is a team of European League of Football (ELF), which is a planned professional league, that is set to become the first fully professional league in Europe since the demise of NFL Europe. In 2008, 23,230 participants were registered. Hamburg was briefly annexed by Napoleon I to the First French Empire (18041814/1815). | Joana Kruse / Alamy Stock Photo | Joana Kruse / Alamy Stock Photo The Laeiszhalle also houses a third orchestra, the Hamburger Symphoniker. Moreover, every year there are the famous water-light-concerts in the Planten un Blomen park, from May to early October. Hamburg is also known for several theatres and a variety of musical shows. From unique welcomes of arriving ships to the invention of beloved Christmas traditions, some of these 12 little-known facts about Hamburg might even surprise the locals. The English Theatre of Hamburg, near the U3 station Mundsburg, was founded in 1976 and is the oldest professional English-language theatre in Germany, with exclusively English-speaking actors in its company. : Muslimisches Leben in Deutschland, Nuremberg, 2009, Reich Act of the Constitution and Administration of Hanseatic city of Hamburg. [100] There is Bratkartoffeln (pan-fried potato slices), Finkenwerder Scholle (Low Saxon Finkwarder Scholl, pan-fried plaice), Pannfisch (pan-fried fish with mustard sauce),[101] Rote Grtze (Low Saxon Rode Grtt, related to Danish rdgrd, a type of summer pudding made mostly from berries and usually served with cream, like Danish rdgrd med flde),[102] and Labskaus (a mixture of corned beef, mashed potatoes, and beetroot, a cousin of the Norwegian lapskaus and Liverpool's lobscouse, all offshoots off an old-time one-pot meal that used to be the main component of the common sailor's humdrum diet on the high seas). Sonja Haug et al. One of the members of the band Frumpy was the Hamburg-born singer and composer Inga Rumpf. English Language Theatre Group, The Hamburg Exiles Rugby Club, several cricket clubs, and The Morris Minor Register of Hamburg. There are also the coal-fired Wedel, Tiefstack, and Moorburg CHP Plant, and the fuel-cell power plant in the HafenCity quarter. The local name is Schrippe (scored lengthways) for the oval kind and, for the round kind, Rundstck ("round piece" rather than mainstream German Brtchen, diminutive form of Brot "bread"),[105] a relative of Denmark's rundstykke. Hamburg has a lot to offer, with its many art museums and vibrant neighborhoods showcasing 19th-century architecture. The location in the north of Germany provides extremes greater than typical marine climates, but definitely in the category due to the prevailing westerlies. 10 Best Things to Do in Hamburg What is Hamburg Most Famous For? Reeperbahn, nightlife district of St. Pauli, Miniatur Wunderland (Miniature Wonderland), View over frozen Alster towards Radisson Hotel and Hertz-Turm, Hamburg Hauptbahnhof, the busiest railway station in Germany, Hanseatisches Oberlandesgericht ("HansOLG"), upper court, Traditional sailing ships at Sandtorkai in HafenCity, Hamburg has long been a centre of alternative music and counter-culture movements. With more than 2,400 bridges and tons of canals, Hamburg is affectionately referred to as the Venice of the north. 10 Best Things to Do in Hamburg - What is Hamburg Most Famous For? - Go Pick from authentic, immersive Epic Trips, compact and action-packed Mini Trips and sparkling, expansive Sailing Trips. Eimsbttel is split into nine-quarters: Eidelstedt, Eimsbttel, Harvestehude, Hoheluft-West, Lokstedt, Niendorf, Rotherbaum, Schnelsen, and Stellingen. To make matters worse, dozens of varieties exist, even though the dialect is only spoken in the Hamburg area! Its streets are lined with bars plastered with posters and memorabilia of the iconic British rock band, as well [133], In 2016, the average visitor spent two nights in Hamburg. Top 10 Things To Do And See In Hamburg, Germany - Culture Trip The many parks are distributed over the whole city, which makes Hamburg a very verdant city. The BCJ Hamburg played in the Basketball Bundesliga from 1999 to 2001. The former Mayor of Hamburg, Olaf Scholz, has been the current German chancellor since December 2021. Hamburg State Opera is a leading opera company. The city enjoys a very high quality of living, being ranked 19th in the 2019 Mercer Quality of Living Survey.[10]. Without a doubt! The city of Hamburg is one of 16 German states, therefore the Mayor of Hamburg's office corresponds more to the role of a minister-president than to the one of a city mayor. The GDP per employee was 132% of the EU average. There are 181 localities (German: Ortsteile). [96] This is followed at the end of September by the Reeperbahn Festival[de], which has been running since 2006. The Free and Hanseatic City (Freie und Hansestadt) of Hamburg is the second smallest of the 16 Lnder of Germany, with a territory of only 292 square miles (755 square km). In addition to musicals, opera houses, concert halls, and theatres, the cityscape is characterised by a large music scene. [64] Hamburg has more bridges inside its city limits than any other city in the world. Since 2014, the club has suffered from economic problems and was almost not allowed the playing licence for the 201415 season; but due to economic support from the former club president/sponsor Andreas Rudolf, the club was allowed the licence in the last minute. [45], In 2016, there were 1,021,666 households, of which 17.8% had children under the age of 18; 54.4% of all households were made up of singles. Juni 1943', Staatsarchiv Hamburg, Bestand Oberfinanzprsident, Arb. [9] Hamburg's urban area has a population of around 2.5 million[1] and is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, which has a population of over 5.1 million people in total. Within the park are various thematic gardens, the biggest Japanese garden in Germany, and the Alter Botanischer Garten Hamburg, which is a historic botanical garden that now consists primarily of greenhouses. The first so-called unguarded glance always lands on the bottom of the sea and falls into twilight of the aquarium. [61] Some of the boroughs and quarters have been rearranged several times. For example, the Reeperbahn alone has between 2530 million visitors every year. Other innovations included the separation of powers, the separation of Church and State, freedom of the press, of assembly and association. The state-owned Deutsches Schauspielhaus, the Thalia Theatre, Ohnsorg Theatre, "Schmidts Tivoli", and the Kampnagel are well-known theatres.[75]. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 11 min, while 11% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. Just to give you a primer: whereas elsewhere in the North and Center of the country people greet each other with Hallo! or Guten Tag! and in the South you might hear Gr Gott!, only in Hamburg do they say Moin! instead. There are eight ferry lines along the River Elbe, operated by HADAG, that fall under the aegis of the HVV. Dorothy wrote a detailed journal of their stay, labelled "The Hamburg Journal (1798) by noted Wordsworth scholar Edward de Selincourt".[120]. [134] The majority of visitors come from Germany. Today Hamburg has more than 40 theatres, 60 museums, and 100 music venues and clubs. The Port of Hamburg ( German: Hamburger Hafen, pronounced [hamb hafn] ( listen)) is a seaport on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany, 110 kilometres (68 mi) from its mouth on the North Sea . [144], Hamburg's licence plate prefix was "HH" (Hansestadt Hamburg; English: Hanseatic City of Hamburg) between 1906 and 1945 and from 1956 onwards, rather than the single letter normally used for large cities since the federal registration reform in 1956, such as B for Berlin or M for Munich. The lavish and spacious Planten un Blomen park (Low German dialect for "plants and flowers") located in the centre of Hamburg is the green heart of the city. Some airlines market Lbeck Airport in Lbeck as serving Hamburg. [122], The gross domestic product (GDP) of Hamburg was 119.0billion in 2018, accounting for 3.6% of German economic output. Gyrgy Ligeti and Alfred Schnittke taught at the Hochschule fr Musik und Theater Hamburg.[77][78]. Aside from being the transportation centre of the country, it is now one of the major destinations for people who visit Germany. The HafenCity is Europe's largest urban development project and is located in the Hamburg-Mitte district. In 2018, 24.9% of the population belonged to the North Elbian Evangelical Lutheran Church, the largest religious body, and 9.9% to the Roman Catholic Church. [91] The Filmfest Hamburg a film festival originating from the 1950s Film Days (German: Film Tage) presents a wide range of films.